Unlocking Exosome Biology with Bionavis MP-SPR: A Technical Deep Dive

Exosomes—nano-sized extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by cells—are pivotal in intercellular communication, diagnostics, and therapeutic delivery. Their intricate roles in various biological processes necessitate advanced analytical tools for comprehensive characterization. Bionavis’ Multi-Parametric Surface Plasmon Resonance (MP-SPR) technology emerges as a powerful platform, offering label-free, real-time insights into exosome properties and interactions.

Comprehensive Exosome Characterization with MP-SPR

1. Size and Concentration Analysis

MP-SPR’s multi-wavelength angular scanning capability allows precise measurement of exosome size and concentration, particularly for vesicles smaller than 100 nm. This sensitivity is crucial for distinguishing exosomes from other extracellular particles. The technology facilitates measurements even in complex media, reducing the need for extensive sample purification.

2. Protein Corona Formation

When exosomes enter biological fluids, they acquire a “protein corona,” altering their surface properties and biological functions. MP-SPR enables real-time monitoring of this corona formation under dynamic flow conditions, distinguishing between hard and soft corona layers. This insight is vital for understanding exosome behavior in physiological environments. BioNavis

3. Binding Affinity and Kinetics

MP-SPR measures the binding interactions between exosomes and various ligands, such as antibodies, peptides, or aptamers, without the need for labels. The technology provides detailed kinetic parameters, including association and dissociation rates, essential for developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic agents. BioNavis

4. Cellular Uptake Studies

Understanding how exosomes interact with and are internalized by cells is critical for therapeutic applications. MP-SPR allows the formation of lipid bilayers or the culture of adherent cells on sensor surfaces, facilitating the study of exosome-cell interactions in real-time. This approach provides insights into uptake mechanisms without the need for fluorescent labeling. BioNavis

Case Studies Highlighting MP-SPR Applications in Exosome Research

Case Study 1: Ultra-Sensitive Detection of PD-L1 Positive Exosomes

Researchers developed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) platform combining a multifunctional peptide (M-Pep) with a graphene-modified gold chip to detect PD-L1 positive exosomes. The M-Pep enhanced the inclusion affinities between the graphene and supermolecules, ensuring efficient recognition properties. This SPR sensor demonstrated high sensitivity for PD-L1 exosome detection, offering a potential non-invasive diagnostic tool for cancer. BioNavis

Case Study 2: Affinity and Kinetics of Extracellular Vesicle-Protein Interaction

An application note detailed the use of MP-SPR to study the interaction between tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) and the LXY30 peptide. The study determined affinity and kinetic constants, bound mass, and layer thickness, showcasing MP-SPR’s capability in characterizing EV-protein interactions, which is crucial for diagnostic applications. BioNavis

Case Study 3: Glycoprofiling of Exosomes as Novel Liquid Biopsy Markers

A study investigated the glycosylation patterns of exosomes using SPR, identifying specific lectins that could distinguish between carcinoma and control exosomes. The presence of sialic acid-containing glycans was particularly indicative of carcinoma-derived exosomes, suggesting their potential as novel liquid biopsy markers. MDPI

Case Study 4: Molecular Screening of Cancer-Derived Exosomes

Researchers utilized SPR spectroscopy to screen exosomes for the presence of biomarkers such as CD63, CD9, CD24, CD44, EpCAM, and HER2. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using SPR for multiplexed analysis of exosomal surface proteins, aiding in the classification and diagnosis of various cancer types. PMC+1SpringerLink+1SpringerLink

Advantages of Bionavis MP-SPR in Exosome Research

• Label-Free Detection: Preserves the native state of exosomes, avoiding potential artifacts introduced by labeling.
• Real-Time Monitoring: Captures dynamic interactions and processes as they occur.
• High Sensitivity: Detects subtle changes in exosome properties and interactions.
• Versatility: Applicable to various sample types, including complex biological fluids.

Conclusion

Bionavis MP-SPR technology offers a comprehensive suite of analytical capabilities for exosome research, from characterization to interaction studies. Its label-free, real-time, and sensitive detection methods provide invaluable insights into exosome biology, facilitating advancements in diagnostics and therapeutics.